SELECT 
  f.feature_id, 
  f.purpose, 
  p.product_id, 
  p.parent_product_id, 
  g.id, 
  g.code 
FROM 
  cscart_product_variation_group_features AS f 
  INNER JOIN cscart_product_variation_groups AS g ON f.group_id = g.id 
  INNER JOIN cscart_product_variation_group_products AS p ON f.group_id = p.group_id 
WHERE 
  p.product_id IN (
    391745, 389240, 389011, 389261, 389441, 
    389260, 389010, 415702, 389415, 389401, 
    389262, 389440, 389393, 415642, 389239, 
    389394
  )

Query time 0.00069

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "68.84"
    },
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "p",
          "access_type": "range",
          "possible_keys": [
            "PRIMARY",
            "idx_group_id"
          ],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "used_key_parts": [
            "product_id"
          ],
          "key_length": "3",
          "rows_examined_per_scan": 16,
          "rows_produced_per_join": 16,
          "filtered": "100.00",
          "cost_info": {
            "read_cost": "19.23",
            "eval_cost": "3.20",
            "prefix_cost": "22.43",
            "data_read_per_join": "256"
          },
          "used_columns": [
            "product_id",
            "parent_product_id",
            "group_id"
          ],
          "attached_condition": "(`webmarco`.`p`.`product_id` in (391745,389240,389011,389261,389441,389260,389010,415702,389415,389401,389262,389440,389393,415642,389239,389394))"
        }
      },
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "g",
          "access_type": "eq_ref",
          "possible_keys": [
            "PRIMARY"
          ],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "used_key_parts": [
            "id"
          ],
          "key_length": "3",
          "ref": [
            "webmarco.p.group_id"
          ],
          "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
          "rows_produced_per_join": 16,
          "filtered": "100.00",
          "cost_info": {
            "read_cost": "16.00",
            "eval_cost": "3.20",
            "prefix_cost": "41.63",
            "data_read_per_join": "6K"
          },
          "used_columns": [
            "id",
            "code"
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "f",
          "access_type": "ref",
          "possible_keys": [
            "idx_group_id"
          ],
          "key": "idx_group_id",
          "used_key_parts": [
            "group_id"
          ],
          "key_length": "3",
          "ref": [
            "webmarco.p.group_id"
          ],
          "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
          "rows_produced_per_join": 22,
          "filtered": "100.00",
          "cost_info": {
            "read_cost": "22.68",
            "eval_cost": "4.54",
            "prefix_cost": "68.84",
            "data_read_per_join": "2K"
          },
          "used_columns": [
            "feature_id",
            "purpose",
            "group_id"
          ]
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}