SELECT 
  product_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_popularity 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    284462, 284463, 284464, 284465, 284466, 
    284467, 284468, 284469, 284470, 284471, 
    284473, 284474, 284475, 284476, 284477
  )

Query time 0.00041

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "7.03"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_product_popularity",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "PRIMARY",
        "total"
      ],
      "key": "total",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "product_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "3",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 15,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 15,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "using_index": true,
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "4.03",
        "eval_cost": "3.00",
        "prefix_cost": "7.03",
        "data_read_per_join": "480"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "product_id"
      ],
      "attached_condition": "(`webmarco`.`cscart_product_popularity`.`product_id` in (284462,284463,284464,284465,284466,284467,284468,284469,284470,284471,284473,284474,284475,284476,284477))"
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id
284462
284463
284464
284465
284466
284467
284468
284469
284470
284471
284473
284474
284475
284476
284477